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Item LIS Accreditation: Why and What Next?(Johns Hopkins University Press, 2022) Applegate, RachelThis article locates library and information science (LIS) program accreditation in a professional and sociological context and describes past, current, and future initiatives to ensure that accreditation standards and procedures acknowledge, assess, and support the skills, knowledge, and attitudes that LIS professionals need. The author has worked closely with Dr. Smith on the American Library Association (ALA) Committee on Accreditation.Item Clarifying Jurisdiction in the Library Workforce: Tasks, Support Staff, and Professional Librarians(Johns Hopkins University Press, 2010) Applegate, RachelJurisdiction refers to those tasks or responsibilities that are seen as central to and exclusively controlled by a profession. When library work is examined, what is the proper jurisdiction for professional, masters-level librarians? This study examines the definition of professional with respect to library workers by using data from a national survey of competencies for library support staff and by comparing American Library Association-approved competencies for beginning MLS librarians and certified support staff. According to this analysis, professional librarians are those who know context (history, theory), do research, educate patrons, and manage people and collections. They are not necessarily those who provide direct services.Item Who Benefits? Unionization and Academic Libraries and Librarians(University of Chicago Press, 2009-10) Applegate, RachelAdvocates of unions frequently argue that unionization results in benefits for libraries in general and for librarians. Previous data to support this position have been scattered, incomplete, and inconclusive. This study analyzes data on 1,904 academic libraries, 334 unionized, to explore whether there is a relationship between a librarian‐union presence and several quantitative values: student‐librarian ratios, percentage of institutional budget devoted to libraries, average spending on salaries per librarian, percentage of library budget devoted to librarians, percentage of library staff who are librarians, and percentage of library budget devoted to staff salaries. Across institution degree levels (associates, baccalaureate, masters, doctoral, and Association of Research Libraries members), results show that compared to librarians at either private or nonunionized public colleges and universities, librarians at unionized public institutions are somewhat better off. Librarians at public institutions are generally better paid but have worse working conditions—higher student‐to‐librarian ratios and fewer resources for collections. All institutions except associates‐level institutions receive roughly the same percentage of institutional budgets.Item The Real Deal 2: How Autism is Described in Young Adult Novels(YALSA, 2016) Applegate, Rachel; Irwin, Marilyn; Goldsmith, Annette Y.Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is often considered one of the invisible disabilities. Youth at the higher end of the spectrum may seem to have quirky behaviors, but otherwise appear to be like everyone else. Those with more severe ASD are commonly misunderstood and thought to simply have disciplinary issues. This study examined 100 young adult novels published between 1968 and 2013 inclusive in which a character was labeled as having ASD to determine how the authors described the disability in each of the books. Those descriptors were then aligned with the diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder found in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. A total of 7,921 descriptors appear across the 100 books studied, and 6,094 (77%) of them map on to the first two DSM-5 diagnostic criteria categories. “Having unique obsessions” was the most frequently appearing descriptor present in the books. In 1,827 (23%) instances, the descriptors did not fit within the diagnostic criteria, indicating that the criteria may miss some elements of the ASD experience that authors themselves deem important.Item Librarians in the Academic Ecosystem(Johns Hopkins University Press, 2019) Applegate, RachelMuch of what academic librarians do does not look like what ""faculty"" do—classic, stereotypical, tenure-track, classroom faculty. Instead, it looks like support work, or administration, or is invisible: all things that are distinctly not valued by classic faculty. Much of the research in library literature, the talk among academic librarians themselves, seems to center on benefits and privileges, and the distinctions are not based on faculty vs. librarian status but on other factors; for example, salaries for librarians, as for economists, English faculty and nursing instructors are mostly set by discipline and market conditions. It will be more productive for librarians to take a political and strategic perspective: with one overarching realization, and one focused goal. The realization is that the ""faculty"" role is itself diverse: it is not classic nor stereotyped nor even ""classroom"" in many cases. The variation within the group ""faculty"" is in many respects more significant than the variation between the groups ""faculty"" and ""librarians."" The focused goal is to seek the status that will place librarians in the decisions of which they should be part.Item Questions of Trust: A Survey of Student Expectations and Perspectives on Library Learning Analytics(University of Chicago Press, 2022-04) Asher, Andrew D.; Briney, Kristin A.; Jones, Kyle M. L.; Regalado, Mariana; Perry, Michael R.; Goben, Abigail; Smale, Maura A.; Salo, Dorothea; Library and Information Science, School of Computing and InformaticsUniversities are developing learning analytics initiatives that include academic library participation. Libraries rarely inform their students about learning analytics projects or general library data practices. Without a clear student voice in library learning analytics projects, libraries and librarians are creating potential privacy complications. This study seeks to document students’ thoughts on academic library participation in learning analytics and privacy concerns. A survey was developed and fielded at eight US higher education institutions, and this article covers the findings from the approximately 2,200 responses. Although most students reported high levels of trust in libraries and librarians, a consistent minority indicated little or no trust at all. Findings demonstrate that students considered librarian access to and sharing of personally identifiable information to constitute a privacy violation but also lacked awareness of the data and analytic practices on which libraries rely. Notable demographic differences were also discovered.Item Supporting the data lifecycle of major scientific facilities(iSchools, 2022-02-28) Murrilo, Angela P.; Library and Information Science, School of Computing and InformaticsThe needs of very large-scale scientific endeavours require specific attention to ensure that both the data and the cyberinfrastructure that supports that data are handled in a way that safeguards critical data for current and future scientists. This careful handling of scientific data cyberinfrastructure will enable and ensure scientific research and discovery for generations to come. The previous National Science Foundation-funded Cyberinfrastructure Center of Excellent Pilot Study and the subsequent CI Compass, a National Science Foundation Cyberinfrastructure Center of Excellence project, provides active support for Major Facilities. Major Facilitates represent the largest scientific and engineering cyberinfrastructures. This poster provides an overview of the NSF Major Facilities, CI Compass, and the past, current, and planned future work being conducted by CI Compass to support the vital scientific data cyberinfrastructures that the NSF Major Facilities represent.Item Application of Edge-to-Cloud Methods Toward Deep Learning(IEEE, 2022-10) Choudhary, Khushi; Nersisyan, Nona; Lin, Edward; Chandrasekaran, Shobana; Mayani, Rajiv; Pottier, Loic; Murillo, Angela P.; Virdone, Nicole K.; Kee, Kerk; Deelman, Ewa; Library and Information Science, School of Computing and InformaticsScientific workflows are important in modern computational science and are a convenient way to represent complex computations, which are often geographically distributed among several computers. In many scientific domains, scientists use sensors (e.g., edge devices) to gather data such as CO2 level or temperature, that are usually sent to a central processing facility (e.g., a cloud). However, these edge devices are often not powerful enough to perform basic computations or machine learning inference computations and thus applications need the power of cloud platforms to generate scientific results. This work explores the execution and deployment of a complex workflow on an edge-to-cloud architecture in a use case of the detection and classification of plankton. In the original application, images were captured by cameras attached to buoys floating in Lake Greifensee (Switzerland). We developed a workflow based on that application. The workflow aims to pre-process images locally on the edge devices (i.e., buoys) then transfer data from each edge device to a cloud platform. Here, we developed a Pegasus workflow that runs using HTCondor and leveraged the Chameleon cloud platform and its recent CHI@Edge feature to mimic such deployment and study its feasibility in terms of performance and deployment.Item Ruth Lilly Medical Library History of Medicine Archives Intern(2023-12-08) Thomas-Fennelly, AdamPoster presented at the 2023 Luddy School of Informatics, Computing, and Engineering Capstone Showcase on December 8, 2023.Item A systematic review of library makerspaces research(Elsevier, 2022-10) Kim, Soo Hyeon; Jung, Yong Ju; Choi, Gi Woong; Library and Information Science, School of Computing and InformaticsDespite the abundance of research on library makerspaces, systematic reviews of library makerspace research are lacking. As research on library makerspaces advances, the field needs reliable empirical findings to examine the impact of library makerspaces and identify research areas that are valuable for future research. Guided by the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement, 43 out of 838 records were selected for the systematic review. The overall trend of research methodologies and theories, settings, participants, research purposes, as well as tools, technologies and programming in library makerspace research were identified. The findings reveal that qualitative studies that were descriptive in nature were the predominant approaches. While appropriate literatures were explored, theoretical frameworks were less used. This systematic review contributes new areas and directions for future research, including the need for expansion of research methodologies and theoretical frameworks and investigation of diverse users and types of making.