• Effects of anti-resorptive treatment on the material properties of individual canine trabeculae in cyclic tensile tests 

  Frank, Martin; Grabos, Andreas; Reisinger, Andreas G.; Burr, David B.; Pahr, Dieter H.; Allen, Matthew R.; Thurner, Philipp J. (Elsevier, 2021)

  Osteoporosis is defined as a decrease of bone mass and strength, as well as an increase in fracture risk. It is conventionally treated with antiresorptive drugs, such as bisphosphonates (BPs) and selective estrogen receptor ...
• 4-Ethylguaiacol modulates neuroinflammation and Th1/Th17 differentiation to ameliorate disease severity in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis 

  Weng, Wen-Tsan; Kuo, Ping-Chang; Brown, Dennis A.; Scofield, Barbara A.; Furnas, Destin; Paraiso, Hallel C.; Wang, Pei-Yu; Yu, I-Chen; Yen, Jui-Hung (BMC, 2021-05-11)

  Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive autoimmune disease characterized by the accumulation of pathogenic inflammatory immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS) that subsequently causes focal inflammation, ...
• Insulin Resistance Is Not Sustained Following Denervation in Glycolytic Skeletal Muscle 

  McMillin, Shawna L.; Stanley, Erin C.; Weyrauch, Luke A.; Brault, Jeffrey J.; Kahn, Barbara B.; Witczak, Carol A. (MDPI, 2021-05-06)

  Denervation rapidly induces insulin resistance (i.e., impairments in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and signaling proteins) in skeletal muscle. Surprisingly, whether this metabolic derangement is long-lasting is presently ...
• Phenotype transitions induced by mechanical stimuli in airway smooth muscle are regulated by differential interactions of parvin isoforms with paxillin and Akt 

  Huang, Youliang; Gunst, Susan J. (American Physiological Society, 2020-05-01)

  Mechanical tension and humoral stimuli can induce transitions in airway smooth muscle phenotype between a synthetic inflammatory state that promotes cytokine secretion and a differentiated state that promotes the expression ...
• Improving Bone Health by Optimizing the Anabolic Action of Wnt Inhibitor Multitargeting 

  Choi, Roy B.; Bullock, Whitney A.; Hoggatt, April M.; Loots, Gabriela G.; Genetos, Damian C.; Robling, Alexander G. (Wiley, 2021-05-06)

  Sclerostin antibody (romosozumab) was recently approved for clinical use in the United States to treat osteoporosis. We and others have explored Wnt‐based combination therapy to disproportionately improve the anabolic ...
• Role of Pannexin 1 ATP-Permeable Channels in the Regulation of Signaling Pathways during Skeletal Muscle Unloading 

  Zaripova, Ksenia A.; Kalashnikova, Ekaterina P.; Belova, Svetlana P.; Kostrominova, Tatiana Y.; Shenkman, Boris S.; Nemirovskaya, Tatiana L. (MDPI, 2021)

  Skeletal muscle unloading results in atrophy. We hypothesized that pannexin 1 ATP-permeable channel (PANX1) is involved in the response of muscle to unloading. We tested this hypothesis by blocking PANX1, which regulates ...
• Double p52Shc/p46Shc Rat Knockout Demonstrates Severe Gait Abnormalities Accompanied by Dilated Cardiomyopathy 

  Miller, Bradley; Kostrominova, Tatiana Y.; Geurts, Aron M.; Sorokin, Andrey (MDPI, 2021)

  The ubiquitously expressed adaptor protein Shc exists in three isoforms p46Shc, p52Shc, and p66Shc, which execute distinctly different actions in cells. The role of p46Shc is insufficiently studied, and the purpose of this ...
• Elevations in Cortical Porosity Occur Prior to Significant Rise in Serum Parathyroid Hormone in Young Female Mice with Adenine-Induced CKD 

  Metzger, Corinne E.; Swallow, Elizabeth A.; Allen, Matthew R. (SpringerLink, 2020-04)

  Chronic kidney disease (CKD) leads to significant bone loss primarily through the development of cortical porosity. In both patients and animal models of CKD, sustained elevations in serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) are ...
• T helper 17 cells in the pathophysiology of acute and chronic kidney disease 

  Basile, David P.; Ullah, Md Mahbub; Collet, Jason A.; Mehrotra, Purvi (The Korean Society of Nephrology, 2021-03)

  Both acute and chronic kidney disease have a strong underlying inflammatory component. This review focuses primarily on T helper 17 (Th17) cells as mediators of inflammation and their potential to modulate acute and chronic ...
• Epigenetic Attire in Ovarian Cancer: The Emperor’s New Clothes 

  Matei, Daniela; Nephew, Kenneth P. (American Association for Cancer Research, 2020-09-15)

  Ovarian cancer is an aggressive epithelial tumor that remains a major cause of cancer morbidity and mortality in women. Epigenetic alterations including DNA methylation and histone modifications are being characterized in ...
• Incipient resistance to an effective pesticide results from genetic adaptation and the canalization of gene expression 

  Yin, Xiaoshen; Martinez, Alexander S.; Perkins, Abigail; Sparks, Morgan M.; Harder, Avril M.; Willoughby, Janna R.; Sepúlveda, Maria S.; Christie, Mark R. (Wiley, 2020-12-14)

  The resistance of pest species to chemical controls has vast ecological, economic, and societal costs. In most cases, resistance is only detected after spreading throughout an entire population. Detecting resistance in its ...
• STOX1 deficiency is associated with renin-mediated gestational hypertension and placental defects 

  Parchem, Jacqueline G.; Kanasaki, Keizo; Lee, Soo Bong; Kanasaki, Megumi; Yang, Joyce L.; Xu, Yong; Earl, Kadeshia M.; Keuls, Rachel A.; Gattone, Vincent H., II.; Kalluri, Raghu (American Society for Clinical Investigation, 2021-01-25)

  The pathogenesis of preeclampsia and other hypertensive disorders of pregnancy remains poorly defined despite the substantial burden of maternal and neonatal morbidity associated with these conditions. In particular, the ...
• Generation and Characterization of Mouse Models for Skeletal Disease 

  Foxa, Gabrielle E.; Turner, Lisa M.; Robling, Alexander G.; Yang, Tao; Williams, Bart O. (SpringerLink, 2021)

  Our laboratories have used genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) to assess genetic contributions to skeletal diseases such as osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. Studies on the genetic contributions to OA are often done ...
• Footprint evidence of early hominin locomotor diversity at Laetoli, Tanzania 

  McNutt, Ellison J.; Hatala, Kevin G.; Miller, Catherine; Adams, James; Casana, Jesse; Deane, Andrew S.; Dominy, Nathaniel J.; Fabian, Kallisti; Fannin, Luke D.; Gaughan, Stephen; Gill, Simone V.; Gurtu, Josephat; Gustafson, Ellie; Hill, Austin C.; Johnson, Camille; Kallindo, Said; Kilham, Benjamin; Kilham, Phoebe; Kim, Elizabeth; Liutkus-Pierce, Cynthia; Maley, Blaine; Prabhat, Anjali; Reader, John; Rubin, Shirley; Thompson, Nathan E.; Thornburg, Rebeca; Williams-Hatala, Erin Marie; Zimmer, Brian; Musiba, Charles M.; DeSilva, Jeremy M. (Springer, 2021-12)

  Bipedal trackways discovered in 1978 at Laetoli site G, Tanzania and dated to 3.66 million years ago are widely accepted as the oldest unequivocal evidence of obligate bipedalism in the human lineage1-3. Another trackway ...
• Transient Receptor Potential Canonical Channels in Health and Disease: A 2020 Update 

  Kirtley, Priya R.; Sooch, Gagandeep S.; White, Fletcher A.; Obukhov, Alexander G. (MDPI, 2021-02-25)

  This 2020 Special Issue "TRPC channels" of Cells was dedicated to commemorating the 25th anniversary of discovery of the Transient Receptor Potential Canonical (TRPC) channel subfamily [...].
• Targeting Mitochondria by SS-31 Ameliorates the Whole Body Energy Status in Cancer- and Chemotherapy-Induced Cachexia 

  Ballarò, Riccardo; Lopalco, Patrizia; Audrito, Valentina; Beltrà, Marc; Pin, Fabrizio; Angelini, Roberto; Costelli, Paola; Corcelli, Angela; Bonetto, Andrea; Szeto, Hazel H.; O’Connell, Thomas M.; Penna, Fabio (MDPI, 2021-02-18)

  Objective: Cachexia is a complex metabolic syndrome frequently occurring in cancer patients and exacerbated by chemotherapy. In skeletal muscle of cancer hosts, reduced oxidative capacity and low intracellular ATP resulting ...
• An Improved Methodology to Evaluate Cell and Molecular Signals in the Reparative Callus During Fracture Healing 

  Kambrath, Anuradha Valiya; Williams, Justin N.; Sankar, Uma (Sage, 2020-03)

  Approximately 5% to 10% of all bone fractures do not heal completely, contributing to significant patient suffering and medical costs. Even in healthy individuals, fracture healing is associated with significant downtime ...
• Atypical Cellular Elements of Unknown Origin in the Subbasal Nerve Plexus of a Diabetic Cornea Diagnosed by Large-Area Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy 

  Sterenczak, Katharina A.; Stachs, Oliver; Marfurt, Carl; Matuszewska-Iwanicka, Aleksandra; Stratmann, Bernd; Sperlich, Karsten; Guthoff, Rudolf F.; Hettlich, Hans-Joachim; Allgeier, Stephan; Stahnke, Thomas (MDPI, 2021-01-21)

  In vivo large-area confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) of the human eye using EyeGuidance technology allows a large-scale morphometric assessment of the corneal subbasal nerve plexus (SNP). Here, the SNP of a patient ...
• Aging aggravates intervertebral disc degeneration by regulating transcription factors toward chondrogenesis 

  Silva, Matthew J.; Holguin, Nilsson (Wiley, 2020-02)

  Osterix is a critical transcription factor of mesenchymal stem cell fate, where its loss or loss of Wnt signaling diverts differentiation to a chondrocytic lineage. Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration activates the ...
• Necroptosis is SARMful to your health 

  Pierchala, Brian A. (Rockefeller University Press, 2020-08-03)

  Necroptosis is a cell death pathway involved in inflammation and disease. In this issue, Ko et al. (2020. J. Cell Biol.https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201912047) link SARM1, the executioner of Wallerian degeneration of axons, ...

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