Region Report 2018: Eastern Asia

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2018
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American English
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Abstract

The Eastern Asian region of the Global Philanthropy Environment Index comprises China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, the Republic of Korea, and Japan. The history of the region is tied to the evolution mainly of China and Japan. Japan established itself as a strong political and industrial state by the late 19th century. In 1937, Japan invaded China and during World War II, became an ally with Germany against the U.S. allies. After its defeat and massive devastation during WWII, Japan took nearly three decades to revive its economy and civil society. Hong Kong and Taiwan were part of the greater Chinese Empire under the Qing Dynasty. Hong Kong is now a special administrative region of the People’s Republic of China; however, it retains control over its political and economic systems independent from China. Taiwan is an island state in the East of China, annexed to the Chinese empire under the Qing Dynasty and later handed over to Japan in 1895. With the fall of Japan in World War II, Taiwan became part of the then Republic of China (ROC). The question of sovereignty of Taiwan is still an issue of political debate between Taiwan and China. Korea was under Japanese rule during 1905 -1945. At the end of World War II, the southern part of Korean Peninsula known as Korea established a democratic state, while a communist style government was established in North Korea.

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